04. DSSC External Publications (Journals, Books, Conference Proceedings)

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A variant of hop domination in graphs
Canoy, Sergio R., Jr.; Salasalan, Gemma P. (New York Business Global, 2022)
Let G be a connected graph with vertex and edge sets V (G) and E(G), respectively. A set S ⊆ V (G) is a hop dominating set of G if for each v ∈ V (G) \ S, there exists w ∈ S such that dG(v, w) = 2. A set S ⊆ V (G) is a super hop dominating set if ehpnG(v, V (G) \ S) ̸= ∅ for each v ∈ V (G) \ S, where ehpnG (v, V (G) \ S) is the set containing all the external hop private neighbors of v with respect to V (G) \ S. The minimum cardinality of a super hop dominating set of G, denoted by γ s h (G), is called the super hop domination number of G. In this paper, we investigate the concept and study it for graphs resulting from some binary operations. Specifically, we characterize the super hop dominating sets in the join, and lexicographic products of graphs, and determine bounds of the super hop domination number of each of these graphs.
Cardaba production
Campaner, Alexander M.; Estimada, Geronima M.; Bayaron, Teresita B.; Labasano, Susana T.; Bontia, Lynette A.; Salibay, Ma. Asuncion L.; Melencion, Ralf O. (Southern Philippines Agribusiness and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, 2008)
PREFACE There is a general recognition in the Philippines and in Region XI of the importance of an appropriate cardaba banana farming for better yield and higher farm income. Appropriate production practices for cardaba crop is a basic requirement in sustaining cardaba farming. The important criteria of good, sound and appropriate cardaba production practices include good irrigation and drainage, maintained farm hygiene and soil fertility, timeliness of pest, diseases control, proper fruit care and handling and population control. Cardaba production is an important component in a coconut farming system as an intercrop. Also, it is grown in backyard/small scale, yet, its agribusiness potential is enormous. Good, sound and appropriate management for better production and higher farm income is the framework provided in the pamphlet. The authors wish to express their appreciation to the Commis[s]ion on Higher Education for funding the reproduction of this pamphlet as an important contribution towards the development and sustenance of cardaba in the country's agribusiness sector.
Classification system of Trichoderma culture grown in coco-water based on RGB using TensorFlow with prototype
Alba, Felomino (Elsevier, 2022-07)
The Trichoderma Classification system based on color code texture of potato dextrose agar solid (PDA) using TensorFlow with Prototype is a desktop application system that can classify the solid Trichoderma whether good or contaminated and determine the healthy ready to harvest. This desktop application system would develop to follow the standard of Quality Control of the Trichoderma laboratory and to automate the manual process of the classification in time for harvest. From the series of testing of Trichoderma Classification system based on color code texture of potato dextrose agar solid (PDA) using TensorFlow with Prototype, the proponent concludes that in creating the desktop application system it must be tested first to know if it was working well or not. As a result, when it comes to final implementation, there will be fewer issues. As of now, the desktop application system was functioning.
Distribution and ecology of metapocyrtus (Metapocyrtus) ged Cabras & Medina, 2021 in Mindanao, Philippines
Patano, Romeo R., Jr.; Mohagan, Alma B.; Ponce, Amy G.; Guiang, Maria Melanie M.; Malinao, Rodceal; Pescuela, Gretl Rae P.; Coritico, Fulgent P. (Department of Science and Technology, 2023-02)
Metapocyrtus (Metapocyrtus) ged Cabras & Medina, 2021 is a Mindanao-endemic species known only in Davao del Sur. Here, we recorded the species first in Bukidnon and the Cotabato region. Moreover, we also provide ecological notes of the species specifically the identities of its food plants, description of its habitat, and potential threats.
Effect of GREENTEC organic fertilizer on the yield of pechay (Brassica chinensis)
Macarayan, Olympio B.; Campaner, Alexander M. (Southern Philippines Agri-business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, 2004-01)
This study was conducted in the farmer's field of Barrio Pampanga, Lanang, Davao City from the period February to April 2001. It aimed to generate information on the agronomic effectiveness of 20 bags per hectare GREENTEC organic fertilizer and to evaluate the growth and yield response of pechay to different rates and combinations of GREENTEC organic and inorganic fertilizers. Results showed that growth of pechay in T5 (20 bags per hectare of GREENTEC organic fertilizer alone) was comparable to that in T2 (Ammophous - 3 bags/ha + Ammosul -12 bags/ha + Muriate of Potash-0.5 bags/ha), T3 (Amorphous -11/2 bags/ha + Ammosul - 6 bags/ha + Muriate of Potash - 0.5 bag/ha; T4 (T3 + T5) and T6 (T2 + T5) but much higher compared to T1 (no fertilizer). The yield of pechay in T5 was comparable to that of T2 and T3 but significantly higher compared to the yield of pechay in T1. By mixing 20 bags GREENTEC organic fertilizer per hectare with inorganic fertilizer rates in T2 and T3, highly significant increase in yield of pechay was observed (T6 and T4).
Enhancing herbage growth, yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) using bio-organic nutrients in varied soil media
Calapardo, Mara Jean Marielle; Manigo, Bryl I. (Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2024)
The present method of stevia propagation is still insufficient to meet its increasing demand. Moreover, the use of organic inputs as substitutes for inorganic fertilizers to improve soil quality and productivity is also desired. In this study, the effects of bio-organic nutrients and different growing media compositions on Stevia’s herbage growth, yield and quality were determined. A completely randomized design was used with 20 rooted stem cuttings per replication at one cutting per potting bag, laid in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement. Growing Media (garden soil alone [GS]; GS + rice hull [RH]; GS + vermicompost [VC]; and GS+RH+VC) served as factor A while bio-organic nutrients (fermented fruit juice [FFJ]; vermi tea [VT]; seaweed tea [ST] and control) as factor B. There were 16 treatment combinations replicated four times. Results showed that GS+RH+VC consistently improved the survival rate, plant height, leaf and shoot count per plant, weight (fresh and dry), and herbage yield of Stevia. Furthermore, VT boosted the herbage yield and visual quality. In terms of interaction effects, plants grown in garden soil mixed with vermicompost (GS+VC) with VT application developed more leaves than other treatment combinations. Hence, these bio-nutrients and growing media composition significantly enhanced the production of Stevia.
Ethnomedicinal documentation of polyherbal formulations and other folk medicines in Aurora, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines
Pucot, Jayson R.; Demayo, Cesar G. (Surakarta: Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Ala Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, 2021-12)
In Aurora-a rural municipality in western Mindanao, Philippines, wide patronization of folk medicines has been observed, and polyherbal formulations are one of the treatments used. However, knowledge of these formulations has not been documented, imposing a threat that might lead to its eventual loss. The lack of baseline information on these formulations also stagnates its development, and the danger of possible herb-herb interactions might remain high. Therefore, this study aims to compile polyherbal formulations and other folk medicine used by the healers and locals of Aurora and assess the utilization and knowledge of these indigenous practices with implications for its conservation and strengthening localized folk medicine pharmacovigilance. Through purposive and snowball sampling, a total of 23 key informants volunteered and were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Knowledge and practices about medicinal plants were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 34 polyherbal formulations and ten other folk medicines were recorded. Most of the plant species used belonged to the Poaceae family (14 species), Arecaceae, and Musaceae families (10 species each) and were mainly utilized for bughat, pasmo, and kabuhi-illnesses linked with cultural beliefs. The concept of synergism was also observed when it comes to folk medicine usage. It is recommended that more surveys of polyherbal medicines be conducted along with chemical profiling and pharmacological investigations, especially in the rural areas where these folk medicines are still widely utilized.
Identifying suitable sites for pump irrigation system from open source and shallow tube well in selected areas of Davao Del Sur through geographic information system-based water resources assessment
Trondillo, M. J. F.; Generallao, I. C .; Valleser, R. A. R.; Lopez, M. T.; Janson, A. Z., Jr.; Bejarasco, J. A.; Toriales, I. R., Jr. (2019-05)
This paper features the Geographic Information System (GIS) in identifying suitable sites for small scale irrigation projects (SSIP) particularly pump irrigation system from open source (PISOs) and shallow tube well (STW) through water resource assessment. The development of GIS-based assessment model for SSIP and resource map in aid of SSIP planning and development is limited in some municipalities. To develop a reliable GIS-base framework, the ArcGIS tool and spatial method was used in compiling specific factors with field analysis and developing regional resource map for SSIP. The results showed that STW in Digos City and Municipality of Hagonoy is 117 units and 17 units respectively. The average water depth in existing STW is within the 6.5 meters with capacity to irrigate 3 to 5 hectares per unit, low investment with high water use efficiency and simple to operate. It was found out that most STW is provided by Department of Agriculture-Regional Field Office XI and Local Government Units. The STW is suitable for Digos City with an area of 379.32 hectares. While the PISOS were identified with different range of pump horsepower. There are 10 units of PISOS in Digos City and 15 units in Hagonoy mostly provided by National Irrigation Administration-XI. It was found out that in Digos City the 1,855.53 hectares are highly suitable and 14,377.55 hectares are not suitable for PISOS. The results of this study may assist the decision making processes for planning and development of SSIP using the developed protocol and tools for different purpose in agricultural production in Davao del Sur, Region XI and the whole country.
Kappaphycus dripping enhance seed germination and production of hybrid rice (PSBRc72H – Mestizo 1)
Agudera, Juan P., Jr.; Caballero, Graciela L.; Revilla, Nila Nanette S.; Gliocam, Mariz (Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, 2013)
This study was conducted in SPAMAST-CAS, Matti, Digos City and at New Ilocos, Magsaysay, Davao del Sur. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the germination, growth and yield of PSBRc72H as influenced by different levels of Kappaphycus Drippings (KD). Findings of the study revealed that hybrid rice seeds soaked for 12 hours with 20 ml of KD per liter of water enhanced germination to 86.67%. KD as foliar fertilizer improved the agronomic characteristics such as plant height in cm (45 DAT), number of tillers per hill (60 DAT) and number of productive tiller per hill; and yield components such as number of filled spikelets per panicle and 1,000 seed weight (g) thereby increasing the grain yield (t/ha) of hybrid rice. KD did not influence the length of panicle (cm).
Locating-hop domination in graphs
Canoy, Sergio R., Jr; Salasalan, Jemma P. (Kyungpook National University, 2022)
A subset S of V (G), where G is a simple undirected graph, is a hop dominating set if for each v ∈ V (G) \ S, there exists w ∈ S such that dG(v, w) = 2 and it is a locating hop set if NG(v, 2) ∩ S 6= NG(v, 2) ∩ S for any two distinct vertices u, v ∈ V (G) \ S. A set S ⊆ V (G) is a locating-hop dominating set if it is both a locating-hop and a hop dominating set of G. The minimum cardinality of a locating-hop dominating set of G, denoted by γlh(G), is called the locating-hop domination number of G. In this paper, we investigate some properties of this newly defined parameter. In particular, we characterize the locating-hop dominating sets in graphs under some binary operations.
Mangotayo!: A sustainable smart agriculture model for mango industry upliftment in Davao del Sur, Philippines
Perito, Rhea Mae L.; Surdella, Karl Vincent A.; Restauro, Richie Boy D.; Panaligan, Nel R.; Origines, Domingo V., Jr.; Aquino, Eduardo F.; Aguilar, Razel Ann G. (Science Research Society, 2025)
Mango production in the Philippines ranked seventh globally, producing high-quality mangoes and supplying different countries. However, from 2000 to 2020, the Philippine mango sector saw a steady reduction in all industry performance metrics, such as production volume, productive area, yield per unit area, and yield per tree. Furthermore, the export of mangoes is not doing as well as in earlier decades. Other problems encountered by many farmers specifically small-scale farmers are lack of pest control and nutrient management, poor induction and flowering intensity, the lack of farm-to-market roads, and low farm-gate prices. Responding to these issues, the Mango Tayo! Program developed an AI-based Smart application for mango production management, utilizing cutting-edge technologies in smart agriculture. Thus, community engagement and activities were conducted to capacitate the women and men mango growers and contractors in Digos City using the developed technology. The program was found to be successful in achieving its objectives—enabling the community partners to use cutting-edge technology in farming.
Performance of corn (Zea may Linn.) to the application of mudpress-based organic fertilizer
Macarayan, Olympio B.; Campaner, Alexander M.; Mercado, Marcelina Fe G.; Fuentes, Augie E.; Revilla, Nila Nanette S. (Davao del Sur State College (Formerly SPAMAST Digos Campus), 2013)
The developed mudpress-based organic fertilizer (MBOF) had been tested to corn following the Fertilizer and Pesticide (FPA) protocol. The trial was conducted in Brgy. Dulangan, Digos City. Corn ear length and number of corn ears per plant were not affected by the fertilizer application. However, plant height, ear diameter, fresh weight of corn ear, dried weight of corn ear, weight of kernel after drying and computed yield were significantly improved by the application of inorganic and MBOF or their combinations. Positive response of corn was noted among these variables, thus, MBOF can be utilized as an ideal organic fertilizer.
Performance of corn (Zea may Linn.) to the application of mudpress-based organic fertilizer
Macarayan, Olympio B.; Campaner, Alexander M.; Mercado, Marcelina Fe G.; Fuentes, Augie E.; Revilla, Nila Nanette S. (Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, 2013)
The developed mudpress-based organic fertilizer (MBOF) had been tested to corn following the Fertilizer and Pesticide (FPA) protocol. The trial was conducted in Brgy. Dulangan, Digos City. Corn ear length and number of corn ears per plant were not affected by the fertilizer application. However, plant height, ear diameter, fresh weight of corn ear, dried weight of corn ear, weight of kernel after drying and computed yield were significantly improved by the application of inorganic and MBOF or their combinations. Positive response of corn was noted among these variables, thus, MBOF can be utilized as an ideal organic fertilizer.
Revisiting domination, hop domination, and global hop domination in graphs
Salasalan, Gemma; Canoy, Sergio Jr. R. (New York Business Global, 2021)
A set S ⊆ V (G) is a hop dominating set of G if for each v ∈ V (G) \ S, there exists w ∈ S such that dG(v, w) = 2. It is a global hop dominating set of G if it is a hop dominating set of both G and the complement G of G. The minimum cardinality of a hop dominating (global hop dominating) set of G, denoted by γh(G) (resp. γgh(G)), is called the hop domination (resp. global hop domination) number of G. In this paper, we give some realization results involving domination, hop domination, and global hop domination parameters. Also, we give a rectification of a result found in a recent paper of the authors and use this to prove some results in this paper.
Seaweed culture as a livelihood source: A case in Barangay Bato, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur
Bacaltos, Della Grace G.; Revilla, Nila Nanette S.; Noel, Helen W.; Antonio, Emily S.; Gultiano, Joven O.; Besas, Jesebel (Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, 2004)
As an offshoot of the Technology Innovation, Promotion, and Commercialization Program (TIPCP) initiated by Land Bank of the Philippines and DOST-XI, this study was conducted to feature actual seaweed culture practices in barangay Bato, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur. This initiative may be a way to provide inputs for the development of strategies for greater seaweed production. Specifically, the study aims to identify variations in culture practices, determine production, and provide venue for extending assistance to seaweed growers. Purposive sampling was done and 73% of the actual seaweed growers in the site were interviewed. Results show that most culture practices of seaweed growers in the study site vary from the recommended ones. Volume of seaweed production, as declared by the respondents, is slightly low but not quite far from the values recorded for the seaweed farms in Western Mindanao. It was worth note taking that more than half of the seaweed growers in barangay Bato finance the farms they operate and the rest are assisted by buyers. This may call for a need of a sound financing scheme by funding institutions. Similarly, the low production, in terms of volume and income, may also be an important concern wherein interventions for technical assistance and marketing strategy have to be pursued.
Seaweed-based dripping stimulates root growth of dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus [Haw.] Britton & Rose) stem cuttings
Potente, Mayalene M.; Manigo, Bryl I. (Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2023)
Developing a solid root system is essential in dragon fruit propagation not only for securing the succulent stem but also for facilitating the absorption of water and essential minerals from the soil. However, dragon fruit stem cuttings normally develop good root system for about 4-6 months after planting. There are commercially available growth hormones which hasten rooting, but these are relatively expensive. Hence, alternative hormones from natural materials that possess the ability to stimulate rooting are extensively explored. The efficacy of seaweed-based drippings (SD) as potential rooting bio-stimulant for dragon fruit cuttings were evaluated under nursery condition. Branch cuttings (30 cm long) were soaked at 6, 12 and 18 h at the rate of 50 mL, 100 mL and 150 mL SD per liter of water (H2O), with H2O, and ANAA (5 mL/L of H2O) served as positive and negative control treatments, respectively. There were 18 cuttings in each experimental units, replicated thrice and arranged in a 3 × 5 Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Results showed that 12 h soaking initiated more and longer roots and shoots. In addition, it appeared that the application of a solution containing SD at 100 mL/L of H20 resulted in the development of numerous and longer roots and shoots, a larger number of lateral roots, and a greater root-shoot ratio than other treatments. Furthermore, application of SD at 100 mL/L of H20 through dipping for 12 h developed more lateral roots compared to other treatment combinations. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the presence of phytohormones, such as auxins, in seaweed concentrates has the potential to effectively stimulate root formation in pitaya.
Severity of bacterial leaf blight disease and yield of PSBRc72H (Mestizo1) as influenced by cultural practices
Agudera, Juan P., Jr.; Capili, Lolito N. (Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, 2013)
A study on the severity of bacterial leaf blight disease (Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae) and yield of PSBRc72H (Mestizo 1) as influenced by cultural practices was conducted at the Central Mindanao University Agricultural Experiment Station (AES), University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon from July- November 2006 to identify combinations of different cultural practices that could provide conditions unfavorable to bacterial leaf blight disease, their effects on the yield and agronomic characteristics; and correlate the different cultural practices, agronomic characteristics, yield components, severity of bacterial leaf blight the yield. The applications of controlled irrigation practices such as applied once a week, saturated and intermittent, any of the four NPK rates (80- 60-120, 100-60-120, 80-80-140 and 100-80-140) and planting at wider distances (20 cm x 30 cm and 30 cm x 30 cm) provided conditions unfavorable to bacterial leaf blight disease. Yield was higher if applied with continuous irrigation and planted 20 cm x 20 cm and 20 cm x 30 cm than applied with controlled irrigation which was intermittent, saturated and once a week and planted at wider distance (30 x 30 cm). Applications of any of the four NPK rates (80-60-120, 100-60-120, 80-80-140 and 100-80-140) did not affect the yield. Bacterial leaf blight disease accounted 33.49%; cultural practices 10.29 %; the agronomic characteristics 40.87%; and the yield components 8.78% respectively, on the variation in yield.
Web-based and android-based research management system using nearest neighbor search algorithm with decision support system
Alba, Felomino; Jornales, Jay (Elsevier, 2022-07-25)
Web-based and Android-based Research Management System in Davao del Sur State College using nearest search algorithm with decision support system is a web application where students from graduates and undergraduates of DSSC upload and store their final research manuscript through the system. The system is equipped with search engine using a nearest neighbor search algorithm that can generate result of the relevance to the user queries with pattern that provide decision support system the system displays sense of value of field expertise of that search based on inputs and compared to search algorithm. Nearest neighbor search algorithm, which look for its closest neighbors in a feature space populated by known instances from dataset. The nearest neighbor’s class prediction is used, or a weighted average of the classes of the k closest neighbor is used. The relevance between two data records is determined in part by the variables utilized in the featured space leading to index similarity results. The advantage of this method is that, in many circumstances, an estimated nearest neighbor is nearly as good as an exact one. Some of the inputs from this study is that there must be a notification system that can author notified when there’s a request of downloading of author file, it should have data statistics of downloaded files every day, there must be a guest user for non-students of the college for downloading and searching review related literature of their studies and lastly, detailed tabular data that records the downloads that author receives from his file.