02. DSSC Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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Item Processing of cacao by-products and corn bran as feed pellet for rabbitCalamba, Elsie O. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-06)The study was conducted to determine the cacao by-products and corn bran as feed pellet for rabbit. It was conducted to determine the nutrient content kilogram of cacao placenta meal, cacao pod husk, cacao bean shell and corn bran, durability, bulk density and cost to produce a kilogram of feeds. Completely Randomized Design were used in the study with three treatment and three replications. Moreover, the study utilized carboxymethyl cellulose as binder for feed pellet. The study's results and findings indicate that the crude protein levels fell within an acceptable range across treatments. However, the crude fiber content was notably higher compared to that typically seen in rabbit feed, as well as the ash content. Additionally, the durability showed significant difference between Treatment 1 and Treatment 2, with Treatment 3 displaying a highly significant difference among treatments. Bulk density also showed significant differences among treatment. Moreover, the cost to produce a kilogram of feed was found to be minimal than the market price of rabbit pellets.Item Water consumption and growth of pechay in Kratky method at different depth level of nutrient solution under shaded conditionCanon, Kirby S. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-05)Green crops are currently cultivated using a hydroponic method. However, the production cost is quite expensive due to the higher cost of commercial nutrient solutions. The purpose of the thesis study was to explore the possibility of reducing the quantity of nutrient solutions and their impact on the growth of pechay. The study was carried out using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments replicated three times. T1 (2 inches depth), T2 (3 inches depth), and T3 (4 inches depth). The collected data were analyzed using a One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 5%. The Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was employed to ascertain the variations between the different treatments. The analysis indicated that the treatments revealed significantly varied in root length with a P-value of 0.0010. Further, the analysis indicates that there is no statistically significant difference in terms of mean daily water consumption, plant height, number of leaves, breadth of leaves, plant yield, mean daily difference temperature nutrient solution, and mean daily difference pH level, as indicated with P-values of 0.03272, 0.3787, 0.4376, 0.3787, 0.0727, 0.2997, and 0.4029 respectively.Item Growth and yield of lettuce under Kratky hydroponics using coco peat mixed with charcoal and oyster shell as growing mediaCañedo, Ranel A. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-06)A study was conducted in March in sitio Balutakay Managa, Bansalan, Davao del Sur to investigate the growth and yield of lettuce using Kratky hydroponics. The growing media consisted of cocopeat mixed with charcoal and oyster shell. This study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of three (3) treatments and five (5) replications. Specifically, the purpose of this research was to identify the growth and yield of lettuce under Kratky hydroponics using cocopeat mixed with charcoal and oyster shell as growing media in terms of plant height, number of leaves, root length and yield. In terms of plant height, treatment 1 (87.5% (266 g) cocopeat, 7.5% (22.8 g) charcoal, 5% (15.2 g) oyster shell) had the highest mean height with (20.240 cm) while treatment 2 (82.5% (250.8 g) cocopeat, 7.5% (22.8 g) charcoal, 10% (30.4 g) oyster shell) had the lowest mean height with 19.508 cm. In number of leaves, treatment 1 (87.5% (266 g) cocopeat, 7.5% (22.8 g) charcoal, 5% (15.2 g) oyster shell) had the highest number of leaves with (14,000 cm). In root length, treatment 2 (82.5%), (250.8 g) cocopeat, 7.5% (22.8 g) charcoal, 10% (30.4 g) oyster shell) had the highest mean root length with (20.624 cm) while treatment 3 (77.5%) 5.6 g) cocopeat, 7.5% (22.8 g) charcoal, 5% (15.2 g) oyster shell) had the highest mean plant yield with (0.121 kg) while treatment 2 (82.5%), (250.8 g) cocopeat, 7.5% (22.8 g) charcoal, 10% (30.4 g) oyster shell) had the lowest mean of (0.109 kg).Item Evaluation of magnetized miracle fruit (Crescentia cujete) peel ash in the adsorption of methylene blue at different dosageCalledo, Carol Joy A. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-08)This study evaluated the magnetized miracle fruit peel ash (MMFPA) as an efficient methylene blue adsorbent. The effect of dosage (0.5 g, 1 g. 1.5 g, 2 g, 2.5 g, and 3 g) was studied to determine the equilibrium concentration, equilibrium adsorption capacity, and removal efficiency of the adsorbent. The experimental data was analyzed using the One-way ANOVA at 1% and 5% level of significance. The treatment means was compared using the Tukeys's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test. Based on the result in the equilibrium concentration, Dosage Six (D6) had the lowest equilibrium concentration at 0.7997 ppm. In relation to the adsorption equilibrium capacity, D6 had the lowest equilibrium adsorption capacity at 1.64 mg/g. In the removal efficiency, D6 exhibited highest removal efficiency at 98.40%, showing a substantial decrease in the concentration in methylene blue. In general, this study concluded that magnetized miracle fruit peel ash demonstrated a high potential as an economical alternative for treatment of dye contaminated wastewater.Item Strength analysis of bioplastic made from cardava banana peel starch reinforced with different chitin-based materialOrdaneza, Angel Mae C. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-06)This study conducted to evaluate the flammability, biodegradability, and tensile strength of the bioplastic made from cardava banana peel starch and different chitin-based material. The experimental samples were laid in complete randomized design (CRD) with three treatments, namely; T1 (Commercial), T2 (Eggshell) and T3 (Golden Apple Snail Shell) and each was replicated three times. The data gathered was analyzed using One-way ANOVA and LSD at 5% level of significance. Based on the result, T3 has the highest mean flammability and biodegradability value of 3.35 mm/sec and 77.04% respectively, followed by T2 (3.09 mm/sec and 66.62%} and T1 (2.74% mm/sec and 20.39%) that has the lowest mean flammability and biodegradability value. Acid solubility results revealed that Treatment 1 has the highest acid solubility with the value of 7.53% followed by Treatment 2 with 6.8% and Treatment 3 with 5.76% that has the lowest acid solubility. In the tensile strength, Treatment 2 has the highest tensile strength with the value of 7.12074 MPa followed by T3 (6.8932 MPa) and T1 (5.87459 MPa) which has the lowest tensile strength value. The ANOVA results revealed that there's a highly significant difference in the flammability and biodegradability among the means of the three treatments. In general, the results revealed that different chitin-based materials (particularly eggshell and golden apple snail) and cardava banana peel starch can be used to make bioplastics given that they exceed the flammable standard, have excellent biodegradability, low solubility, and has high tensile strength. Furthermore, it is produced from waste materials, decreasing the threat of environmental pollution.Item Processing of paperboard from the fiber of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) stem at different levels of cassava starch as binderBlasquez, Irenella A. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-05)This study examined the potential of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) stem fiber as an alternative source of fiber added with different levels of cassava starch as binder for paperboard production. The study was established with three (3) treatments and each is replicated thrice. The treatments were: Treatment 1: 240 grams cassava starch, Treatment 2: 320 grams cassava starch, and Treatment 3: 480 grams cassava starch. Using a molder, the pulp was molded and sundried until the desired weight was achieved. The paperboards were then tested in terms of odor, paper whiteness, smoothness/texture, grammage, water absorbency, and pH level. The data collected was statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 1% and 5% levels of significance. Statistically, results showed significant difference in the odor, paper whiteness, smoothness of texture, or water absorbency of the produced paperboard among the treatments, while the ANOVA results for grammage showed a significant difference. Moreover, the pH level was tested in a composite manner, with pH values ranging from 8.7-9.0 and Treatment 1 having the lowest unit production cost analysis which if PHP 14.46 per piece of paperboard. Thus, torch ginger (E. elatior) stem fiber is a potential material for paperboard production.Item Evaluation and processing of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) tubers as alternative sweetener and granulation contentsSedon, Rozelle (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-06)The study was conducted to develop a Yacon tuber food-grade granule sugar and determine brix level mineral content to produce an alternative sweetener. The study employed a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications associated with determining the level of sugar in Yacon tubers. Treatment 1 with a physical color of Pale White and is considered as fresh Yacon tubers has a mean of 10.00 with a sugar concentration of 100 grams per liter while treatment 2 with a physical color of Yellow has been stored for 3 days has a mean of 14.00 and has a sugar concentration of 140 grams per liter. Treatment 3 with a physical color of Mild Orange has a mean ratio of 14.67 with a sugar concentration of 146.7 grams per liter. The study reveals that the physical color Yellow (Treatment 2) and Mild Orange (Treatment 3) has a significant difference in the level of sugar concentration of Yacon tubers as an alternative sweetener. The findings indicate that the level of brix content has a significant effect on the physical color of Yacon tubers according to the number of days of storage. Furthermore, treatment 3 has the highest sugar concentration among all treatments.Item Estimation of potato (Solanum tuberosum) evapotranspiration using blaney-criddle method in Sitio Gagpang, Brgy. Alegre, Bansalan, Davao del SurDico, Joshua Cedrick (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-01)This research study aimed to estimate potato (Solanum tuberosum) evapotranspiration using the Blaney-Criddle method in Sitio Gagpang, Brgy. Alegre, Bansalan, Davao del Sur. The study collected temperature data from February to April 2022 and computed the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) across different growth stages of the potato crop. Results show that the mean monthly temperature in the study area is suitable for potato planting, falling within the range of 15 to 20 C. The study also found that potato plants require significant water, and the computed ETo values of 5 mm/day, 4.98 mm/day, and 5.1 mm/day were within the range of water requirements for potato cultivation. Furthermore, the ETc of the potato crop varied across its growth stages, with the highest ETc in the reproductive stage. The findings can guide farmers in managing their irrigation practices and maximizing crop yields. Future studies may continue the investigation to the months beyond April or explore other irrigation systems that could be implemented in the study area. Overall, this study provides valuable information on potato crop evapotranspiration rates in Sitio Gagpang, Brgy. Alegre, Bansalan, Davao del Sur, and can aid in improving potato farming practices in the study area.Item Yield and quality analysis of bioethanol produced from waste coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) and sugarcane molasses under different fermentation conditionsRom, Ferly Jane N. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-05)Bioethanol production involves materials containing sugar to be converted into alcohol. It is a process that requires fermentation, where active organisms are utilized to break down sugar and turns them into alcohol. The purpose of this study was to determine the ideal conditions in the fermentation of waste coconut water and sugarcane molasses with initial pH level between 4.0 - 5.0 for six days in order to produce good quality of bioethanol. the experimental samples were laid in complete randomized design (CRD) with three treatments, namely; T 1 (Aerobic), T2 (Anaerobic) and T3 (Aerobic-anaerobic) and each was replicated four times. The parameters assessed were pH level after fermentation, alcohol content (%), ethanol content (%) of the bioethanol. The gathered data was analyzed using One-way ANOVA and LSD at 5% level of significance. Based on the results, T3 obtained the highest mean pH level of 3.15 after fermentation and alcohol content of 1.6%, followed by T2 with a mean pH level of 3.0 and an alcohol content of 1.1%. T1 obtained the lowest mean pH level of 2.92 after fermentation and an alcohol content of 0.4%. The results revealed further that T3 produced highest percentage of ethanol content of 24.4% and yielding 2.8% bioethanol, followed by T2 obtaining 16.4% ethanol content and yielding 1.8% bioethanol. Lastly, T1 got the lowest ethanol content of 3.01% and yielding 1% bioethanol among the tree treatments. The ANOVA results revealed that there's a high significant difference in terms on the pH level after fermentation and alcohol content (%) among the means of the three treatments. Generally, based on the results, the researcher concludes that, T3 (Aerobic-anaerobic) is the most effective condition in the fermentation process of waste coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) and sugarcane molasses utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioethanol production.Item Nutritional and sensory attributes of banana coffee produced from cavendish banana (Musa cavendishii) flesh at different maturity stageItang, Kris Caresza Kate C. (Davao del Sur State College, 2024-06)This study was conducted to utilized and process rejected cavendish banana fruits into coffee. Sensory evaluation (Aroma, Texture, Color, and General Acceptability), Nutritional Analysis (Protein, Fat, Fiber, Ash, and carbohydrates), and Microbial Analysis in terms of bacterial and fungi count were performed to assess the quality and characteristics of the banana coffee and were analyzed using T-test. In the overall rating, T2 got higher mean rating percentage of Aroma (3.26%), Texture (4.2%), Color (4.106%), and the General Acceptability parameter with 3.36%. For proximate analysis, T1 got higher content percentage in terms of protein (3.742%), Fiber (2.21%), and Ash (5.5%), and T2 for carbohydrates (86.8%) and Fat (5.6%). In microbial analysis, both treatments got equal bacterial count (total plate count) of <1.1 cfu/g however, T2 contained less yeast and molds count (fungi count) of 4.7 x 10 (2) cfu/g present in the composite sample. Based on the T-test result, only aroma difference was not statistically significant while texture, color, and general acceptability showed significant difference. Hence, this study still needs more modification in order to enhance the quality of processing cavendish banana into coffee.